Abstract:This Policy Research Brief reflects on how to improve social protection systems in Latin America and the Caribbean after the COVID-19 pandemic, analysing how it can ensure food security and social and economic ‘double inclusion’. In particular, it provides a regional overview of the social protection measures to respond to COVID-19 in rural areas, and analyses four country-level examples that show promising features for building back better during the recovery process. Finally, it delivers policy recommendations to enhance the design and implementation of rural social protection schemes to protect rural households’ food security and enable their ‘double inclusion’.